In nucleated outside-out patches from soma in acute slices of sensorimotor cortex from 13- to 15-day-old Wistar rats some patches contained only I-A-like channels, other contained only IK-like channels that did not inactivate or inactivated slowly, and the remainder contained mixtures of both types. The amplitude of ensemble K+ currents in cell-attached patches decreased along the apical dendrite as the distance from the soma increased, with a slope of -0.9 +/- 0.3 pA per 100um. Types and distribution of voltage-gated K+ channels in the soma and apical dendrites were studied in acute brain slices (Korngreen A and Sakmann B, 2000 12 ).
Apical dendrite Patch#
Dual patch recordings show backpropagating impulses (Stuart GJ and Sakmann B, 1994 19 ). have provided evidence for active properties. Benardo et al 1982 (Huguenard JR et al, 1989 18 ). Numerous authors (e.g., (Wong RK et al, 1979 17 ).
Apical dendrite Pc#
This persistant conductance may be activated by the NMDA receptor depolarization, providing a mechanism for graded, voltage dependent EPSP amplification (Schwindt PC and Crill WE, 1995 15 ). Many authors have described the activation of dendritic voltage activated Ca channels (Yuste R and Denk W, 1995 16 ). Immunolabeling was observed in soma and dendrites of layer V pyramidal cells in the frontal cortex (Xu T and Pandey SC, 2000 5 ).Īpical dendrites of L6 pyramidal neurons in somatosensory cortex are similar to L5 and L2/3 in that they includeNMDA-dependent electrogenesis (Ledergerber D and Larkum ME, 2010 7 ). The data suggest that relatively more GABAA receptors are located at the apical dendrite and relatively more GABAB receptors near the soma (Eder M et al, 2001 1 ). The distribution of GABAA and GABAB receptors was studied with patch-clamp recording in combination with infrared-guided laser stimulation to release GABA photolytically. There was no correlation with branch points (Frick A et al, 2001 2 ). It appeared that the larger responses evoked resulted from an increase in activation of both AMPA and NMDA receptors. Hot spots, with amplitude and integral of glutamate-evoked responses three times larger than responses evoked at neighboring sites, were detected. Recordings using infrared-guided laser stimulation combined with whole cell recordings revealed a highly nonuniform distribution.
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